The Basics of Interior Design

The luxury lifestyle does not require a mansion. Youlines of the room?Where are the traffic patterns in
don't have to wait until you can afford a huge housethe room?What is the focus in the room?How can I
on the beach to live in a beautiful home. Rememberestablish the axis of the room?The balance lines are
the luxury lifestyle is about quality things and people.easy to determine. Draw 2 faint lines accross your
Small cosy houses can be made luxurious for a smallfloorplan dividing the room in half length wise and
amount of money through clever interior design.breadth wise. This will divide your room into 4
Remember the self made wealthy don't spendquadrants. This is important because you need to
money when they don't have to. Living a luxuryhave an equal "weight" of furniture in each quadrant
lifestyle is not about throwing money away to lookin order for the room to be balanced.Traffic patterns
cool, it is simply about raising your standard of living.are also easy. Leave 36 inches clear in front of each
If you can do that inexpensively, so much thedoor opening to allow space for the swing of the
better.In this article I will introduce you to the basicsdoor. Also keep 12 inches clear in front of the
of interior design which I studied when I waswindows for access. Traffic patterns tell you where
renovating houses. The key to a successfulnot to put furniture, mark these on your floor
renovation is to make cosmetic improvements, notplan.Now, what about the focus of the room? Is it a
structural improvements, to a house. Building newfireplace? Bay window? Blank wall where the home
rooms, adding another level to a structure or movingtheater screen or an artwork will go? Plan your
walls around is very expensive and moving wallsfurniture layout to take advantage of this
especially can weaken the structure. You want tofocus.Establish an axis for the room. You now want
improve a houses WOW factor to make anto draw an imaginery line up the middle of the wall
impression. Here are some tips...Painting - A new paintfrom floor to ceiling through your focus. Continue this
job will do more to improve the look of your homeline across the ceiling and down the opposite wall to
than anything. It is a relatively simple job too, so youthe floor. The idea is this, you want the focus
can save yourself a fortune by doing it yourself. Givebalanced from floor to ceiling. If your focus is a
the surfaces to be painted a good clean up withfireplace this would mean putting a picture or
sugar soap and scrape of any loose stuff. Bog upsomething above it to fill the space. You also need to
any cracks or any depressions to make the surfacebalance both sides of the room. So you would have
smooth, then paint. Whether you use an undercoatto put something on the other wall of equal visual
or not depends on what paint you use. Get advice"weight" along the axis line. Everything is about
from a interiors shop. The underlying principle for allbalance.You are now ready to start planning where
renovations including painting is KISS, Keep It Simpleyour furniture will go in the room. You need to place
Stupid. Keep your color schemes simple, use neutralthe furniture in the room so it takes advantage of
colors, they reflect light better making rooms lookthe focus and so it serves the function of the room.
bigger and they look cleaner. Be consistentArrange your furniture so that all 4 quadrants have
throughout the house.Kitchens - Don't go crazy,equal visual "weight". This does not mean you need
these can eat heaps of cash if you are not careful. Ifto have a mirror image of furniture in the quadrants,
your kitchen is falling apart then you have no choicebut it simply means you don't want every piece of
but to get a new one. If you can avoid it though,furniture in one quadrant or one half. Visually on your
don't get a new one just cosmetically touch up thefloor plan the room should look balanced. Draw
one you have. New benchtops, tile splashbacks, doorrepresentitives of your furniture on your floorplan to
handles, cupboard handles, tap handles, a paint jobscale. Try various ideas. Decide which one you find
and floor job will make a huge difference and won'tmost appealing.Lighting plan - Do not try to light the
cost the earth.Bathrooms - Another money pit. Lightroom. Light objects in the room. Firstly your lighting
and bright is the secret here. Just like the kitchen ifmust permit people to perform the specific tasks of
it's falling apart, you have no choice but to spent thethe room. For example using lamps for reading,
big bucks and replace things. If you can get awayplaying cards etc. This is called task lighting. You also
with it though, change your benchtops, door handles,need sufficient lighting so people don't bump into
cupboard handles, tap handles and floor tiles (wall tilesthings. This is called ambient lighting. You can use
can be a huge expensive job, avoid changing iflighting to influence the mood. Bright lights for an
possible) Get a new paint job, a new toilet seat,upbeat mood, low lighting for a more intimate and
toilet roll holder and towel racks. This will transformromantic mood. As with everything else the different
the room and won't cost much.Flooring - Makes aelements (elements, pardon the pun, I'm so clever)
huge difference. New carpet, tiles or linoleum willof your lighting plan must be harmonious with each
transform a room. Also consider, if you have a timberother. Lighting decorative objects with spot lighting is
floor of good enough quality, ripping up the carpetalso a nice touch. Don't forget to take into account
and polishing the floorboards. This looks fantastic andwhere the electrical outlets are. You want to keep
is inexpensive.Doors - Change the door knobsunsightly electrical cords as short as possible and
throughout the home for a classier style and makehidden if you can.2. FurnitureWhen it comes to
sure you stay consistent throughout.Windowchoosing furniture there are a few points to
treatments - These also transform a room. Makeconsider.Is the piece suitable in function and cost?Is it
sure they fit in with the rest of the room.Landscapingsuitable in mood and style? Does it have the right
- Can cost you a fortune. All you really need to dolook?Is it suitable in quality? Is it similar quality to the
(unless your yard is a write off) is rip out all theother furniture pieces?Does the piece have suitable
plants except for the larger established ones. Installproportions? Are the different parts in pleasing
some edging, re lay some turf where necessary (ifharmony with each other?Is the piece the right
you have dead spots where grass won't grow, youscale? Is it harmonious with the size of the objects
can pave that area which is expensive or extend theand space around it?Are the fabrics appropriate?
garden over this area and plant shade resistantBright, intense colors and bold patterns increase visual
plants), replant the garden with colorful plants and"weight". Muted, neutral tones and solid colors reduce
add mulch to your garden beds. Plant tall plants at thevisual "weight".When it comes to arranging furniture
back of perimeter gardens or the middle of centralfollow these guidelines:The shape of the sides of the
gardens and have smaller plants in front. Try to get apiece of furniture should match the shape of the wall.
few different shades of green in the leaves ofDon't put round tables in the corner of rooms.Avoid
different plants. Try to plant a range of flowers soplacing rectangular furniture at an angle to straight
you have something blooming at most times of thewalls.If the space on the wall is horizontal, a
year. Flowers can give your garden a pleasant smellhorizontally shaped piece of furniture will look best
as well and attract birds. River pebbles or conretethere.If the space on the wall is square, a square
treads are also an inexpensive alternative toshaped piece of furniture will look best there.
paths.Painting of the exterior - Makes a hugeVary the heights of the major pieces in the
difference to the WOW factor. Probably best to getroom.Spread your colors throughout the room.Here
a professional to do it though, they own scaffolding,are a selection of some of the major furniture styles
let them risk their necks.Decking and verandahs -from throughout history and how to spot them.Early
Cheaper than adding rooms to your house but addsAmerican styles - The lines of this furniture is very
square footage to your living space. If you live abovesimple. The workmanship is unrefined and rustic. It is
the snow line this may not appeal, but for warmersmall in size, has a square frame structure, is usually
climates outdoor living spaces are wonderful forpainted and has square shaped legs with simple
entertaining. Tile over concrete porches.Fences - Ifdecorative turnings.Mediterranean styles - This is
you have an existing fence, give it a new paint job.heavy furniture. There is nothing delicate about it. It
If you don't have a front fence put in a white picketis solid, squarish and built to last. It is usually made of
fence. Add an attractive letterbox.Get a new frontornately carved wood. The Spanish Mediterranean
door - These really add or detract from the look offurniture often featured leather that was decorated
your home.The bottom line is, you don't need towith metal nailheads.French styles - Louis XIV style
change where you live necesarily, just how it looks.(1643 - 1715) has massive scale, X shaped stretchers
Spend your money on luxurious homewares not onthat support the legs, a bacically square form and the
expensive structural changes. Read on now to learnseat & back were upholstered. This style had
about how to layout your home and how todetailed ornamentation.- Regence style (1700 - 1730)
decorate it to raise your standard of living and to addwas a transition between Louis XIV and Louis XV. It
to your luxury lifestyle.1. The Basics of Interiorhad cabriole legs (curved legs) and a curvature on the
DesignThere are 3 basic guidelines for successfultop edge of the seat back.- Louis XV style (1730 -
interior design.A successful room is functional.A1775) had curved shapes and forms, extensive
successful room expresses a mood.A successfulrococo decoration (elaborate decoration incorporating
room exhibits a sense of harmony.Function - Aska shell mofif), romantic imagery, delicate shape &
yourself, what are the intended functions of thisdesign and no leg stretchers.- Louis XVI (1775 - 1789)
room? A room must serve it's intended function. Nohad straight slim legs (usually fluted and topped with
matter how beautifully you decorate a room, if youra box shape containing a carved rosette), rectangular
scheme can't fulfill all the functions you require theshapes or mechanically produced curves, classical
room to perform, then the room has failed. If amotifs (such as columns, urns and lyres) and delicate
dining room is not convenient to eat in, then it fails. Ifconstruction.- Directoire style (1790 - 1804) had
a bedroom is not convenient to sleep in, then it fails.simple elegant lines, patriotic motifs (including military
Does your living room have appropriate lighting formotifs, agricultural motifs and crossed flags), classical
reading, if that is one of the functions of the room?motifs (inspired by ancient Egypt, Rome and Greece),
Are there tables in easy reach of the seating to putcurled chair backs and scrolled sofa arms, outward
your drink on? You get the idea.Mood - What is thecurving legs or classic fat straight legs.- Empire style
mood you want this room to express? Are you after(1804 - 1831) had a heavy masculine look, polished
a sleek, modern, sophisticated look, or a rustic,veneers more often than carved wood surfaces,
casual, warm mood etc? Every aspect of the roomexcessive use of ormolu mounts (often large and
you create must maintain the same mood. Moodbadly cast), chairs with wooden backs and
refers to the general look or feeling you want theupholstered seats, inspired by classical Greece
room to express. The color schemes, furniture,(including the boat bed, recamiore day bed and tripod
window treatments, floor treatments and lightingstand), mirror back console table, motifs inspired by
styles etc. must all be consistent with this look andancient Egypt, Rome and Greece as well as patriotic
feeling.Harmony - All the separate elements in a roomand military motifs.English styles - William & Mary
must work together in harmony. All elements shouldstyle (1689 - 1702) had hooded tops (tops in the
feel appropriate and nothing should feel out of place.shape of single or double round arches that look like
Every element should be harmonious in mood, scale,dutch roofs), curved X shaped stretchers, inverted
quality and color. We have already discussed mood.cup on straight turned legs, besides these features
The scale must also be harmonious, this means allthey had basically straight lines.Queen Anne style
elements should be the same scale as each other(1702 - 1714) had cabriole legs often with shell motif
and the same scale of the room itself. No huge chairson the knee, fiddle back splats and basically curved
in small rooms or small chairs in huge rooms. No hugelines.Early Georgian style (1714 - 1760) was the same
chairs with small chairs etc. The quality also needs toas the Queen Anne style but with extensive addition
be harmonious. If you are using expensive high qualityof carving, particularly eagles, lions, satyrs and
furniture then don't use them with cheap lookingcabochons. This carving was made possible by the
curtains etc. And lastly the color schemes must beintroduction of mahogany.Late Georgian styles (1760
harmonious. The color schemes in your furniture must- 1811) was a collection of styles. In this era individual
not clash with the color schemes in your rug etc.Incabinetmakers developed their own styles. Some of
every room you design for yourself you must followthese were:Chippendale - He tried many different
these 3 guidelines.Now let's discuss the 4 steps forthings so it is hard to pin down his "style", but look
designing a room.Sketching a room.Drawing a floorfor rococo motifs with open carved backs, Chinese
plan.Furniture layout.Lighting plan.Sketching a room -motifs, Gothic motifs and curved open pediment
At this stage you just need to do a rough sketch oftops.Adam Brothers - Had straight legs that were
your room and write down accurate measurementsoften fluted but with no boxed rosette like you
for length of the room, breadth of the room andwould find with the Louis XVI style. Also look for
ceiling height. Height of mouldings (the boards alongoval shaped chair backs with spokes, lyres or other
the floor and between the walls and ceiling and theclassical motifs like vases and urns.Hepplewhite - Had
boards around doors and windows etc.), and thecurved chair backs (featuring shield, interlacing heart
dimensions of your doors and windows need to beand oval), straight legs (but with no fluting like in the
measured and noted. Measure how far windows andAdam style), spade foot and serpentine front on
doors are from the corners of the room and fromcasepieces.Sheraton - The apostle of the straight line.
the ceilings and floor. Are there any features in theStraight legs (no fluting but frequently reeded),
room (air conditioner units, fireplaces etc.)? Measurelightness and eegance.Regency style (1810 - 1837)
these and write it down. Note where the electricalwas similar to French Empire style but used different
outlets and switches are. Note where any lightingsymbols.Victorian style (1837 - 1901) was an attempt
fixtures are.Conduct a room condition checklist. Writeby the nouveau rich to emulate the luxury of an
down what everything is made out of and whatearlier time. It was materialistic and ostentatious. It
condition it is in. Everything except the furniture Iultimately became a caricature of itself. Don't let this
mean. Does anything need to be repaired? Notehappen to you.20th Century styles - are often
down what the window types are. Are theyproduced out of formed wood, metal and plastics.
aluminium sliding windows, wooden casementWe see these styles all around us. Four major styles
windows etc? Now take photographs of every anglewere and are:Art Nouveau - attempted to reject the
of the room for reference.Drawing a floorplan - Buymachine age with carved wood and lines imitating
some graph paper from a stationery supply shop. Renature with convoluted curves and shapes. An
draw your rough sketch to scale on the graph paper.example of this is Tiffany lamps.Art Deco - glorified
A good scale to use for most rooms is 1/4 inch = 1ornamentation. Heavily influenced by the cubist
foot. You need an accurate floorplan so you can do amovement of the day. It had geometric forms and
furniture plan later. Show on your floorplan where theshapes.Bauhaus - embraced the machine age. It
doors and windows are, also to scale. Don't showrejected all ornamentation and elevated function as
your measurements on the floorplan it will clutter itit's ideal. A very minimalist style.Post Modernism - is
too much, keep all your measurements on yourmore of an architectural style really but makes it's
rough sketch. Indicate on your floorplan which way ispresence felt in furniture design as well. Basically this
North. This is important as it tells you where the sunis what is being produced today and it takes many
will rise and set in relation to your rooms windows.different forms being explored by many different
How will the sun light your room? Will the setting sundesigners.Dr Gregory Lipke is the CEO of Cyber
need to be blocked by heavy drapes? Will you usePublishing Ltd. He has a Doctorate of Business
the morning sun to your advantage to warm theAdministration & a Bachelor of Science as well as
room after a cool night?Furniture layout - There areyears of experience in Private Investigation, Personal
4 questions you need to ask yourself when decidingProtection & Security. He is the author of Your
where to put your furniture.What are the balanceLuxury Guide .