Perennial Garden Basics

Perennials are any plants which live for more thantaking hold in the garden and it loosens up the soil
two seasons and produce stems which die back toallowing water and nutrients to reach the plant's
the ground each fall. They're at the heart of mostdeepest roots.
flower gardens and offer wide ranging benefits toTowards mid-summer the taller plants may begin to
the landscape gardener. Perennials are treasured forlean or fall as they become top heavy. This often
their ability to flower, spread and multiply year afteroccurs most noticeably after a rain shower. Staking
year. They're also noted for their form, texture,the plants is important and keeps them from falling
vibrant color and their ability to attract birds andinto one another thus reducing the chances of mold
other wildlife to the garden. Perennials can stand onand disease.
their own in the landscape but can be complimentedContinuing with the above tasks is important though
by a few well placed annuals. While perennials arethe fall months as well. Late in the season, however,
easy to grow, there are a few basic maintenanceperennials will begin fade and eventually their foliage
guidelines to follow which will help your gardendies back to the ground. The roots are still alive but
flourish.the above ground part of the plant is done for the
In the spring, the first task is an obvious one;season. Cutting back the plants that have gone by is
remove any debris which has collected over thegenerally done for aesthetic reasons. It can be done
winter. After that, cut back to the ground any plantsin the spring but I recommend this task for the fall as
which were left standing the previous fall. Whenthere are alot of other things to do in the spring.
cleaning out the garden tread lightly and rake lightly.Dividing perennials is easily the best way to increase
You don't want to disturb any new shoots. Once theyour plant stock. A few years after you've planted a
garden is cleaned out, look around the garden to seeperennial you'll probably notice that it begins to
if there are any empty spaces. If there are, you mayoutgrow its allotted spot. Dividing large perennials into
want to add a few new plants. Ideally, the perennialsmaller plants will solve the problem of over crowding
bed should bloom from spring through the fall so ifin the garden while giving you new plants to add to
the garden in September seems a bit sparse add lateother gardens. In the fall when the plants are
season bloomers such as autumn sedum joy,beginning to die back prepare new planting areas
chrysanthemums or asters. Another way to addsomewhere on your property. If you don't have any
color in the garden is to plant annuals in the spring.space for new plants, give some away to your
Though they last only one year, annuals bloom allfriends. Simply dig the perennial you intend to divide
season long.out of the ground making sure to preserve as much
Fertilizing with a general slow release garden fertilizerof the root system as possible. Take a spade or a
and adding lime to the garden early in the season willgarden edger and chop or divide the plant in half.
get the plants off to a healthy start and feed themRemove any foliage which may have been severed.
throughout the entire season. Each spring spreadReplace the perennial back in the ground and back fill
compost throughout the perennial garden to improvewith a mix of compost and existing soil. You'll need
soil consistency.some extra soil to fill in properly. Some of the easiest
In the summer the main task is deadheading, theperennials to divide are daylilies, hosta, iris and sedum.
process of clipping off spent blooms. This won'tPerennials are adaptable to a variety of landscape
encourage continuous blooms in perennials but willconditions. Most can survive a few hours of shade
keep the garden looking fresh all season. Witheach day but there are those which will require full
annuals, however, deadheading will encouragesun and those which will thrive in the shade. Study
continuous blooms all season. Cultivating the gardenthe conditions of your own garden and have a plan
soil is another task which should occasionally beor list in hand before you head out to the
through the summer. Cultivating keeps weeds fromgreenhouse.