The Principles Behind Japanese Gardens

The Principles Behind Japanese Gardensmany people prefer to take elements and aspects of
Japanese gardens are becoming more and morethe garden and incorporate them in unique ways.
popular as landscaping features. This is becauseSome elements of Japanese gardens include rock,
Japanese gardens seem to have an inherent feelingwater, plantings, ornaments, and borrowed scenery.
of peace and calm attached to them. Additionally, ifEach of these has a specific purpose.
properly planned and maintained, they do not need toRock is the main foundation of the garden. After
be expensive, nor do they need to be timeproperly laying out the stones, the rest of the
consuming to take care of. One of the biggestgarden practically builds itself. Stone elements include
misconceptions that many people have is that atall vertical stones, short vertical stones, horizontal
Japanese garden is supposed to have exotic flowers.stones, arched stones, and reclining stones. Stepping
This is not true, as most Japanese gardens actuallystones and rock pathways are also used. Placement
make more use of structures and plants to giveof the rock is important, as the rocks have meanings.
them their distinctive look. It is a good idea toHowever, if you are more about aesthetics, you can
understand the principles behind Japanese gardens insimply place the rocks where you feel they best
order to have one that is truly authentic and onecomplement the look and feel of the garden.
that is not hard to take care of because of highWater can be literal, as in a built water feature, or
maintenance exotic flowers.simulated, as with raked gravel or sand. You can
One of the first principles in planning a Japaneseeven make symbolic water by fitting river stones
garden is to take into account nature. Square pondstightly together. The sound of actual water is calming
are not natural, but round ones are. Also, usingand soothing, and it adds to the serenity of the
shapes that occur in nature, such as rounded edges,garden. The Japanese also view water as the symbol
complements the feeling of nature and peace. Alsoof the passage of time.
inherent in the principles of Japanese gardens is thePlantings are secondary to the role of stones in a
elements of space. Many people feel that there areJapanese garden. However, they are important and a
"empty" portions of such gardens and the impulse ismain concern of the design. Placement of the
to fill them in. Leaving some attractive empty spaceplantings, as with the stones, is important to the
accents the other portions of the landscape. Alsoharmony of the landscape design. You need not use
understanding the concept of size is important. Dobamboo trees or maples for your garden if you do
not put something large in a small space. It looks outnot find them pleasing. Ornamental grasses,
of place and is not in balance with its surroundings.evergreens, and a variety of deciduous trees can be
Try to create a garden space that complements thevery attractive in your garden, and still fulfill the basic
rest of the landscape, and use elements thatprinciples of the Japanese garden.
complement each other.Ornaments are things that serve to enhance the
Enclosures are also part of the basic design of agarden. They should not be main focuses. They are
Japanese garden. Fences and gates create a feelingsimply accents and not to be treated as main
of seclusion, and also of retreat. Entrance and exitarchitectural elements in the garden. Some ornaments
are important, not only to seal the garden awayinclude lanterns, basins, stupas, and even some
(often symbolically) from the outside, but alsosculpture. Borrowed scenery consists of element that
because it indicates moving in and moving out.can be seen from within the garden, but that are not
Additionally, fences offer a barrier from the world,actually located inside the confines of the garden.
where the garden can be enjoyed fully withoutDifferent elements can be placed to accent a distant
reference to the cares that exist outside the garden.mountain or to reveal a beautiful tree on someone
There is no singular design in a Japanese garden, andelse's property.